2022-02-03来源：海文考研
1、①The U.S. Postal Service(USPS) continues to bleed red ink.②It reported a net loss of $5.6 billion for fiscal 2016, the 10th straight year its expenses have exceeded revenue.③Meanwhile, it has more than $120 billion in unfunded liabilities, mostly for employee health and retirement costs.④There are many bankruptcies.⑤Fundamentally, the USPS is in a historic squeeze between technological change that has permanently decreased demand for its bread-and-butter product, first-class mail, and a regulatory structure that denies management the flexibility to adjust its operations to the new reality.
（节选自2018年考研英语一Text 4）
【题目】
The financial problem with the USPS is caused partly by___.
[A] its unbalanced budget.
[B] its rigid management.
[C] the cost for technical upgrading.
[D] the withdrawal of bank support.
【解析】根据题干定位到*一段，前三句都是有关USPS的具体数字，属于细节信息。第四句出现many reasons很多原因。紧接着下面就有fundamentally根本原因是，所以定位在*一段的最后一句。然后分析这个长难句，USPS处在squeeze between 1 and 2中，1是technological change，2是structure. 2的structure后定语从句：denies management flexibility对应选项B: rigid management。选项A，budget文中未有涉及。选项C，虽然有提到technological，原文technological change后的定语从句说的是“技术改革降低需求”，并没有提到cost成本问题。选项D，the withdrawal of bank support银行支持撤销了，原文并没有提及银行支持，直接排除。
2、①And interest groups ranging from postal unions to greeting-card makers exert self-interested pressure on the USPS's ultimate overseer-Congress-insisting that whatever else happens to the Postal Service, aspects of the status quo they depend on get protected.②This is why repeated attempts at reform legislation have failed in recent years, leaving the Postal Service unable to pay its bills except by deferring vital modernization.（节选自2018年考研英语一Text 4）
【题目】
According to Paragraph 2, the USPS fails to modernize itself due to___.
[A] the interference from interest groups.
[B] the inadequate funding from Congress.
[C] the shrinking demand for postal service.
[D] the incompetence of postal unions.
【解析】根据题干关键词：USPS fails to modernize定位到原文第二段最后一句，在这句前leaving，留下，导致这个结果，往前找原因，前一句提到reform legislation，而且这句前还有this is why，只要找到代词this指代就可以判断选项。代词往前推，根据这句主干interest groups exerts pressure on Congress选择选项A，interference 对应exert pressure on。选项B，the inadequate funding from Congress，原文虽然有提到Congress国会，the aspect of status quo get protected，国会保护USPS，并没有提及inadequate funding基金不足。选项C，the shrinking demand for postal service 邮政需求缩减，文中没有提及。选项D，the incompetence of postal unions邮政工会的不作为。文章有提到工会，但是只提他们是属于Interest groups，并没有提到无作为。
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