2023-10-22来源：海文考研
书信整体格式
书信是考研英语小作文的主要考察形式，历年来考察的频次非常高，主要考察的书信种类有建议信、推荐信、道歉信、邀请信、感谢信、介绍信。
一、书信行文框架
（1）称呼
写给机构：Dear sir or Madam,
写给个人：Dear +人名:Dear Mr.Wang,Dear Professor Wang,
写给集体：Dear Friends,Dear Fellow Classmates,
（2）正文：3段，7-8句，130词
第一段：
①自我介绍（私人书信除外）
Eg：I am a staff member of your company.(公司职员)
I am a freshman/sophomore/junior/senior/undergraduate/graduate in the Department of Chinese Language an Literature of Peking University.（学生）
I am the president of the Students’ Union of Peking University.（学生会主席）
②写作目的：书信的中心思想
Eg：I am writing the letter for purpose of expressing my sincere apology to you.(道歉信)
I am writing the letter to give some useful suggestions to you.(建议信)
I am writing the letter to recommend my favorite movie/book to you.(推荐信)
第二段：
①主题句
②分论点一
③分论点二
第三段：
①表示感谢
Eg: My thanks for you to your generous help are beyond words.
Words fail me when I wish to express my sincere gratitude to you.
I take this opportunity to show my heartfelt appreciation to the kind assistance you render me.
②期待回信
Eg: Look forward to hearing from you soon.
I am looking forward to your favorable reply at your earliest convenience.
Your prompt attention to my inquiry would be highly appreciated.
落款：放在右下方
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
可以发现书信的开头和结尾都是有适用的模板，但根据书信种类的不同，第二段内容会有很大的变化，希望通过以下6篇范文分析，同学们能掌握这6类常考书信的写作方法。
建议信
一、考情分析
自2005年以来，一共考过8次建议信，分别是2007英（一）、2009英（一）、2012英（一）、2014英(一)、2020英（一）、2011英（二）、2016英（二）、2020英（二）考查频率最高，是考研英语小作文最主要的考查形式。
二、题干解析
2012年英语(一)
Directions:
Some international students are coming to your university. Write them an email in the name of the Students'Union to
1) extend your welcome and
2)provide some suggestions for their campus life here.
明确文体：suggestions,建议信
明确写作目的：你要以学生会的名义给留学生提建议
明确写作内容：表示欢迎，给出具体建议
三、范文示例
Dear Friends，
On behalf of the Students'Union of Peking University, I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to all the overseas students who will study in our university.
自我介绍：On behalf of the Students'Union of ……
表示欢迎：I would like to extend our heartfelt welcome to……
It is my great pleasure to offer you several practical suggestions（主题句，开头即表示会提建议）. In the first place, life in this prestigious university is perhaps not as easy as you have expected.You may be tightly bound by daily classes, abundant homework and frequent exams. Thus, be prepared for the hectic life here（分论点一；问题：课程任务重，建议：做好准备).In the second place, in spite of all those burdens, various extracurricular activities such as sports meets, speech contests and social gatherings will still provide ample opportunities to make friends. So, enjoy your life in this esteemed institute（分论点二：问题：各种各样的课外活动，建议：享受它）!
由于第二段是小作文的中心段落，所以多唠叨两句。通过以上标注，同学们不难看出，第二段主要是由一个中心主题句，和两个分论点组成；而分论点的写作方式主要就是自己写出某现象/问题后，再就问题给出解决方法。
All in all, although there is a lot of pressure, the time you spend on our campus will be worthwhile and enhance your whole life. Hope you like it here!(148 words)
第三段也可以用模板写成：感谢这些同学对我们学校的信任选择我们学校，最后期待你们的到来。
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
推荐信
一、考情分析
自2010年以来，一共考过3次推荐信，均在英语（一）考察，分别是2011英（一）、2015英（一）、2017英（一），但是考英（二）的宝宝们并不可以忽视推荐信的复习哟！
二、题干解析
2017年英语(一)
Direction:
You are to write an email to James Cook, a newly-arrived Australia professor, recommending some tourist attraction in your city. Please give reason for your recommendation. You should write neatly on the ANSWER SHEET.
Do not sign your own name at the end of the email. Use “Li Ming” instead.
Do not write the address. (10 points)
明确文体：recommend(只要有这个单词出现，都是推荐信)
明确写作目的：给教授推荐你们城市的旅游景点
明确写作内容：介绍景点并给出你推荐的原因(give reason)
三、范文示例
Dear Mr. Cook，
Welcome to China! I'm writing this email to recommend some scenic spots in Beijing to you so that you can have a wonderful time here.
表示欢迎：Welcome to China
突出写作目的：to recommend
First of all, you could have a visit to the Summer Palace and the Forbidden City, which are renowned for its old buildings and diverse cultures. After that, it is advisable to go to Wangfujing, where you can have a taste of some delicious local food while enjoying the traditional culture. Finally，you can go to the National Museum，in which some traditional art exhibitions are being held. What do you think of my plan?
第二段层次一定要清晰
推荐一个景点立即给出推荐原因
I sincerely hope that you could enjoy yourself in Beijing and it will be my pleasure to be your guide.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
PS：
推荐信类型的小作文，在以往三次考试中，分别让考生推荐电影，书和景点；英语二从来没考过推荐信，不排除今年会突然考，所以平时积累真的很重要，不过，谁叫我是你们的保姆呢。。。
电影：
1.Love Actually (2003)《真爱至上》
It tells the story of eight different ways British couples treat love and l’ve got a sneaky feeling that love actually is all around.
2. Avatar(阿凡达)
It tells a story of a soldier who, on an alien planet filled with exotic life forms, finds himself torn between two worlds in a fight for the survival of the alien people. Besides the touching and thrilling story, the movie also features brilliant visual effects, thanks to the talented director and advanced computer technology.
书籍：
1.Journey to the West（西游记）
It tells us a story that four monks conquered multiple handicaps to achieve their final destination. Besides the touching and thrilling plot, the book also features humorous languages, thanks to the talented author.
2.Harry Porter（哈利波特）
First of all, it is an interesting book that can spark your imagination. As is known to all, due to the problem with present educational system, most of us are used to reciting dead knowledge from books or professors while the ability to imagine proves of greater importance for the youngsters if they are to survive and thrive in society. Another reason is that, though imagined, the stories vividly described in the book are really thought-provoking.
介绍信
一、考情分析
自2005年以来，一共考过5次介绍信，分别是2006英（一）、2019英（一）、2014英（二）、2017英（二）、2019英（二），有的同学肯定有疑问，介绍信和推荐信有啥区别，那我们还是通过一道真题来看一下。
二、题干解析
2017英语（二）
Suppose you are invited by Professor Williams to give a presentation about Chinese culture to a group of international students. Write a reply to
1) accept the invitation, and
2) introduce the key points of your presentation.
You should write about 100 words on the Answer Sheet. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)
1.明确文体：introduction/introduce 介绍信，突出介绍事物特点
2.写作目的：给留学生科普中国文化
3.写作内容：接受教授邀请，介绍中国文化
三、范文示例
Dear Professor Williams,
I felt much honored when I received your invitation to give a presentation about Chinese culture to the international students of your college. I would much like to do this job.（表示乐意接受教授邀请） So I am writing to tell you something about the presentation to be given.
The focus of my presentation will be Chinese traditional festivals, such as the Spring Festival and the Mid-autumn Day（开门见山，说出要介绍什么中国文化）. In the speech, I will introduce the origin and conventions of these festivals.（说出要介绍的重点：起源和风俗习惯；前两句为主题句） For example, the Mid-Autumn Day, falling on the 15th of August in the Chinese lunar calendar, is a traditional Chinese holiday for family members and loved ones to gather together.（分论点一，介绍中秋节在每年农历8月15日） In addition to enjoying the glorious full moon on this day, Chinese people will also eat festival-moon cakes, recite ancient Chinese poems as well as guess lantern riddles（分论点二：中秋节习俗）. I believe these knowledge will help the foreign students obtain a deeper understanding of Chinese culture.
I am really looking forward to sharing these with all of the international students.
Yours sincerely,
Li Ming
Tips:可以知道推荐性通常都是对一类事物的推荐，比如推荐几个景点，推荐几本书；而介绍信主要是对一个事物内在具体诸多方面的介绍，比如介绍这个夏令营的内容，介绍一下中秋节多久过，有什么习俗。
道歉信
一、考情分析
自2005年以来，一共考过2次推荐信，分别是2008英（一）、2018英（二）、考察频率低。
二、题干解析
2018英语（二）
Suppose you have to cancel your travel plan and will not be able to visit Professor Smith. Write him an email to
1) apologize and explain the situation, and
2) suggest a future meeting. You should write about 100 words on the Answer Sheet. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)
明确文体：apologize道歉信
明确写作目的：你取消了与教授会面计划，要向教授致歉
明确写作内容：表示道歉并给出未来会面意见
三、范文示例
Dear Professor Smith,
I am writing this letter to you to express my apology for canceling my travel plan in your local city and failing to visit you as I promised.
I really have kept our appointment in my mind all these days（主题句）. However, when I was set out for the airport, I suddenly had a severe headache, so I had to go to the hospital to see a doctor.（分论点一：表示不能准时赴约的原因） I am extremely sorry that I cannot keep my promise, but I wonder whether I could have another appointment with you on next weekend if you are available.（分论点二：提出解决方法：询问是否有时间下周见面）
I am looking forward to your early reply. My apology to you is more than what I can say. Please forgive me.
Yours sincerely，
Li Ming
感谢信
一、考情分析
自2005年以来，一共考过1次推感谢信，为2010年英语（二）。学长认为，其实并不存在最纯粹的感谢信，所有种类的信基本上都要表示感谢。
二、题干解析
2010英语（二）
You have just come back from the U.S. as a member of a Sino-American cultural exchange program. Write a letter to your American colleague to
1) express your thanks for his/her warm reception;
2) welcome him/her to visit China in due course.
You should write about 100 words on the Answer Sheet. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Zhang Wei” instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)
明确文体：感谢信+邀请信
明确写作目的：你作为刚从美国回来的交换生，对接待你的人表示感谢
写作内容：感谢+邀请
三、范文示例
Dear Jack:
I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you for your warm reception when I participated in the exchange program in your country.
To begin with,Your generous help made it possible for me to have a very pleasant stay and a chance to know American culture better. （主题句）Besides, I think it is a great honor for me to make friends with you and I will cherish the goodwill you showed to me wherever I go. （分论点一）Finally ,I do hope that you can visit China someday, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your kindness and refresh our friendship.（分论点二）
I feel obliged to thank you again.
Sincerely Yours,
Zhang Wei
Tips:感谢这个东西，我觉得哪里都能用上；比如建议信时，你可以说感谢信任，接纳我的建议；推荐信可以说感谢信任，接纳我的推荐；总之，想方设法感谢一句，还能凑字数。
邀请信
一、考情分析
自2010年以来，一共考过4次邀请信，分别是2013英（一）、2018英（一）、2013英（二）、2021英（二），考察频率适中。
二、题干解析
2021英（二）
Suppose you are organizing an online meeting. Write an email to Jack, an international student, to
1) invite him to participate, and
2) tell him the details.
You should write about 100 words on the ANSWER SHEET. Do not use your own name. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write your address. (10 points)
明确文体：invite,邀请信
写作目的：要举行网络会议，邀请Jack参加
写作内容：表示邀请并给出参会细节
三、范文示例
Dear Jack
My name is Li Ming, chairman of the Students'union in our university.（自我介绍） It is my honor to organize the forthcoming online meeting on Chinese-european culture exchange, and I am writing this email to cordially Invite you to participate in this meeting.（写作目的）
Due to the widespread impact of the current COVID-19 pandemic, it is been decided that this meeting will be hold online at 10 am this Saturday, via the software called Tencent Online. （举办网络会议的原因，举办时间，使用软件）We are hoping that you could give us a 15-minute talk about the culture in your motherland, or any culture shock you have experienced after coming to China. It doesn't have to be a formal one, but I believe it will definitely become meaningful information for us all.（会议内容）
We truely hope you could give me a favorable reply, and leave us a wonderful memory in this meeting
Sincerely yours
Li Ming
告示/通知
一、考情分析
自2010年以来，一共考过4次告示，分别是2010英（一）、2016英（一）、2020英（一）、2015英(二)，考查频率低，重点掌握写作格式。
二、写作格式
1.标题:“Notice”居中
2.日期:下一行靠右，eg:“January 9，2010”
3.第一段:简述题干内容—→表明告示目的—→提出人员要求
4.第二段:联系方式
5.落款:靠右
三、题干解析
2010英语（一）
Direction
You are supposed to write for the postgraduate association a notice to recruit volunteers for an international conference on globalization. The notice should include the basic qualification of applicant and the other information you think relative.
You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET2 .Do not sign your own name at the end of the notice.Use " postgraduate association" instead.
文章标红的三处，是同学们在读作文题干时需要进行的“三个明确”步骤，既明确写作文体，明确写作目的，明确写作内容。
四、范文示例
Notice(居中)
January9，2010(靠右)
Volunteers are needed (for the International Conference on Globalization to be held on this campus in early July).Basic requirements are( familiarity with the theme of the conference and proficiency of English). Other requirements include （good interpersonal communication abilities, familiarity with our city's tourist attractions and its history, proper manners, and a strong sense of responsibility）. Preference will be given (to those experienced in international conference or other similar activities).
Call 86754321 or email poster@ccc. edu.cn for an application and for information on the interview. Phone and email enquiries are encouraged; no visits please.
Postgraduate Association
PS：标红部分即模板部分！文章内容需根据题干要求改动！
(内容来源于网络，由海文考研收集整理，侵权必删！)
